Boeing, US Navy Achieve Successful MQ-25A Test Flight

Boeing and the US Navy have successfully completed the first test flight of an operational MQ-25A Stingray. The milestone advances the Stingray closer to aircraft carrier operations and marks the beginning of a new era in naval aviation.

During the two-hour flight, the unmanned aircraft successfully demonstrated its ability to autonomously taxi, take off, fly, land and respond to commands from the Unmanned Carrier Aviation Mission Control System MD-5 Ground Control Station (GCS). Boeing and US Navy Air Vehicle Pilots facilitated the mission by sending the aircraft commands and then monitored its performance from the GCS at MidAmerica St. Louis Airport in Mascoutah, Ill., where the program is based. Once airborne, the Stingray executed a pre-determined mission plan that validated its flight controls, navigation, and safe integration with the GCS.

“Today’s (April 25) successful flight builds on years of learning from our MQ-25A T1 prototype and represents a major maturation of the program,” said Dan Gillian, vice president and general manager, Boeing Air Dominance. “The MQ-25A is the most complex autonomous system ever developed for the carrier environment, and this historic achievement advances us closer to safely integrating the Stingray into the carrier air wing.”

“The first flight of the MQ-25A is a landmark achievement for the Navy-Boeing team and a critical step toward the future of the carrier air wing,” said Rear Adm. Tony Rossi, who oversees the Program Executive Office for Unmanned Aviation and Strike Weapons. “This flight demonstrates our progress in delivering a carrier-based refueling capability that will significantly extend the reach and lethality of our fleet.”

Integrating Unmanned Aircraft on Carrier Deck

The MQ-25A is the Navy’s gateway to integrating unmanned aircraft on the carrier deck, enabling manned-unmanned teaming. Its autonomous aerial refueling capability will significantly extend the operational range of the carrier air wing and allow F/A-18 Super Hornets currently performing the aerial refueling role to focus on their primary role as a multi-role strike fighter.

The aircraft is the first of four Engineering Development Model aircraft that will be delivered to the Navy under the original $805M Engineering and Manufacturing Development contract.

“Watching our first Navy aircraft complete an autonomous flight underscores what disciplined teamwork and rigorous testing deliver,” said Troy Rutherford, vice president, Boeing MQ-25 program. “Today would not have been possible without the hard work and dedication of our Boeing, Navy, and industry team. Together, we are redefining the future of naval aviation and pushing the boundaries of what’s possible with autonomy.”

Boeing and the Navy will conduct additional test flights out of MidAmerica St. Louis Airport to further validate the aircraft’s flight controls and capabilities before transitioning to Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland, to prepare for carrier qualifications.

Autonomous Aerial Refueling Platform

The MQ-25A Stingray stands out for its purpose-built design as a carrier-based, autonomous aerial refueling platform—something no navy has operationalised at scale before. Unlike traditional unmanned systems retrofitted for maritime roles, the Stingray has been engineered from the ground up to operate in the demanding environment of an aircraft carrier deck. It features advanced autonomous flight control systems, secure data links for real-time coordination with both manned aircraft and command centers, and a hose-and-drogue refueling system capable of offloading thousands of pounds of fuel mid-air. Its stealth-influenced design also reduces radar visibility, enabling it to operate in contested environments with lower risk of detection.

The operational benefits of the Stingray are substantial. By taking over the aerial refueling mission, it frees up frontline fighters such as the F/A-18 Super Hornet from “buddy tanking” duties, allowing them to focus on strike, reconnaissance, and air superiority missions. This shift effectively extends the combat radius of the carrier air wing, enabling longer-range missions without requiring additional carriers or forward bases. In a strategic sense, it enhances survivability by allowing carriers to operate further from potential threats while still projecting power deep into contested regions.

The primary operator of the MQ-25A will be the United States Navy, where it is expected to become a central component of future carrier air wings. Over time, its successful deployment could pave the way for broader adoption of unmanned systems in naval aviation, including strike and surveillance roles.

The Stingray is also a key stepping stone toward fully integrated manned-unmanned teaming, where autonomous aircraft operate seamlessly alongside human pilots, reshaping how naval air power is projected in the decades ahead.