Hormuz crisis strangling global economy, Guterres warns, demanding solutions to end stalemate

By R Anil Kumar

Bengaluru, April 30, 2026. The escalating crisis in the Strait of Hormuz could push tens of millions into poverty, trigger a surge in global hunger and even tip the world towards recession, the UN Secretary-General warned on Thursday, April 30.

António Guterres decried the restrictions on free passage through the crucial chokepoint which is “impeding the delivery of oil, gas, fertilizer, and other critical commodities” and “strangling the global economy.”

Setting out three possible trajectories, he said that even if restrictions on shipping and trade were lifted immediately, “supply chains will take months to recover,” with global growth falling from 3.4 to 3.1 per cent, inflation rising to 4.4 per cent and trade slowing sharply.

“And a world still reeling from the shocks of a pandemic and the war in Ukraine will endure further economic distress. This is the best-case scenario,” he said.

UN problem-solving

Mr. Guterres highlighted diplomatic efforts underway by the head of UN Project Services (UNOPS) who is leading the UN Task Force on the strait to provide a possible humanitarian corridor.

The head of the UN maritime organization, IMO, is likewise developing a framework to evacuate ships and seafarers if safe passage can be guaranteed.

Devastating consequences

If disruptions arising from Iranian attacks and threats and the US blockade of Iranian ports continue through midyear, the consequences would deepen significantly, Mr. Guterres continued, updating correspondents in New York.

“Thirty-two million people pushed into poverty; fertilizers run low and crops yields fall; 45 million more people face extreme hunger; and hard-won development gains reversed overnight.”

In a worst-case scenario, where severe disruptions persist through the end of the year, “we confront the spectre of a global recession – with dramatic impacts on people, on the economy, and on political and social stability,” he warned.

Open the Strait now

“These consequences are not cumulative. They are exponential,” Mr. Guterres stressed, cautioning that “the longer this vital artery is choked, the harder it will be to reverse the damage.”

“My message to all parties is clear: Navigational rights and freedoms must be restored immediately … Open the Strait. Let all ships pass. Let the global economy breathe again.”

Economic Shock Spreading

Against that backdrop, the economic shock is already being felt across global energy markets.

With no end in sight to the shipping stand-off in the Strait of Hormuz and as Brent crude oil prices hovered at around $118 in trading on Thursday April 30 , the prospect of running out of fuel, gas and more has focused attention in the world’s capitals on finding solutions, quickly.

Southeast Asia and South Asia were first to be impacted by the most severe energy crisis in a generation, said Dario Liguti from the UN Economic Commission for Europe (ECE), but he warned that “it is an unfolding energy crisis,” with motorists in Europe already bracing themselves every time they fill up the tank.

Given how national economies the world over remain so dependent on fossil fuels and regional or geopolitical shocks, ECE has been bringing countries together in Geneva and elsewhere to discuss ways to wean themselves off fossil fuels, or at least use them more wisely.

UNCTAD Hormuz Strait closure sends oil and plastics prices soaring.

Stop wasting fuel

One wasted resource that could be used far more widely is natural gas – methane – which is commonly burned off, or “flared” at oil wells, fossil fuel processing plants or refineries, as a safety measure.

Instead of burning off the gas – as is often the case at refineries the world over – it could be stored and used when needed, lowering our dependence on primary sources of energy, UNECE maintains.

The agency is already leading efforts to reduce emissions of methane which is more than 80 times more potent than CO₂ over a 20-year period and a clear driver of global warming.

Clean energy transition crucial

In line with sustainability goals which the world’s nations agreed to in 2015, the UN supports a transition to renewable energy production, away from fossil fuels.

The current crisis “is a clear signal that we need to advance with the energy transition in particular through the electrification of transport or heating,” Mr. Liguti stressed.

“We need to accelerate renewable energy deployment because these are decentralised energy sources and much cleaner, not only from an environmental perspective, but from an energy security perspective too.”

Global Disruptions Are Testing How the World Moves Goods and People

*Shipping and flight disruptions highlight new fault lines in the global economy and their costs for growth and livelihoods:

IMF.

The war in the Middle East has severely disrupted maritime and air traffic, damaging infrastructure and interrupting transport corridors that are critical for global energy and goods. Even in the best case, there will be no neat and clean return to the way things were.

The Chart of the Week illustrates one reason for concern. In the Red Sea, attacks on shipping that began in 2023 forced many vessels to reroute around Africa rather than use the Suez Canal. More than two years on, transits through the Bab el-Mandeb strait between Yemen and Djibouti remain stuck at roughly half their pre-attack level.

The future of Strait of Hormuz transits and regional air traffic remains unknown. However, it’s already clear that growth will be slower, even if an enduring peace is reached. As the April 2026 World Economic Outlook details, shipping and air disruptions slow trade, raise costs along supply chains, and hit tourism-dependent and import-reliant economies hardest. Consumers feel this through higher prices on food and essentials, with lower-income households bearing the largest share.

If Hormuz transits and regional flights recover slowly like the Bab el-Mandeb path, the drag on growth will persist long after the fighting stops. Policies that strengthen the resilience of transport networks are now central to sustaining growth and protecting livelihoods.